Category Archives: Close Reading

Dubliners: “Two Gallants” and Finnegans Wake

James Joyce had a devil of a time getting Dubliners published. Begun in 1904, the collection would not see the light of day until 1914. The delay was caused largely by objections from publishers and printers: objections to certain words (especially a handful of instances of the word “bloody”), to an insulting reference to Queen Victoria, and even to whole stories — among these is “Two Gallants.”

This post briefly looks at “Two Gallants,” explores why Joyce thought it crucial to Dubliners, and suggests the story speaks to themes that are treated more elaborately in Finnegans Wake.

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Look in the Tunc

Finnegans Wake Chapter I.5 discusses the marvelous and confusing letter of ALP (which represents Finnegans Wake itself). Joyce extensively compares the Wake to the Book of Kells, an Irish artifact of exquisite beauty: it’s a medieval copy of the Gospels that is lavishly illuminated.

This post briefly examines how Finnegans Wake makes use of the Book of Kells, and especially its “Tunc Page.”

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